New materials of Exallerix pustulatus (Erinaceidae, Eulipotyphla) from Nei Mongol and other Brachyericinae of China

doi:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.250910

Abstract

Abstract:

This article describes new fossil material of Exallerix pustulatus from the early Late Oligocene of Nei Mongol, China. The specimens supplement and clarify certain mandibular and lower dental morphological features of this species, allowing for further comparisons with other short-faced hedgehogs. Previously, E. pustulatus had only been recorded from the Hsanda Gol Formation at Taatsiin Gol, in the Valley of Lakes, Mongolia. This discovery of new material from Sonid Left Banner marks the first occurrence of the genus Exallerix in China. In addition, discussions of other short-faced hedgehog fossils from Chinese localities confirm the validity of Metexallerix gaolanshanensis, which lived during the late Late Oligocene, approximately 25 Ma. Furthermore, the short-faced hedgehog specimens from locality Damiao 16 in Nei Mongol are tentatively referred to Synexallerix junggarensis, rather than M. gaolanshanensis.

Key words: Nei Mongol, Late Oligocene, short-faced hedgehogs, Exallerix

摘要：

描述了产自中国内蒙古晚渐新世早期的瘤齿短面猬(Exallerix pustulatus)新材料，补充和厘定了该种的下颌和下齿列特征，并与其他短面猬属种进行了初步比较。瘤齿短面猬此前仅见于蒙古湖谷地区塔钦郭勒(Taatsiin Gol)的三达河组(Hsanda Gol Formation); 苏尼特左旗的新材料代表了Exallerix在中国的首次发现。还对中国其他短面猬材料进行了讨论，结果肯定了皋兰山后短面猬(Metexallerix gaolanshanensis)的有效性，并认为其生存年代为晚渐新世晚期，约25 Ma; 内蒙古大庙16地点的短面猬材料很可能归入到准噶尔合短面猬(Synexallerix junggarensis), 而非皋兰山后短面猬。

关键词: 内蒙古, 晚渐新世, 短面猬, Exallerix

CLC Number:

Q915.873

LI Lu, LI Qiang, WANG Xiao-Ming. New materials of Exallerix pustulatus (Erinaceidae, Eulipotyphla) from Nei Mongol and other Brachyericinae of China. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 2025, 63(4): 335-349.

李录, 李强, 王晓鸣. 2025, 63(4): 335-349, 内蒙古瘤齿短面猬(劳亚食虫目，猬科)新材料兼论中国的短面猬类. 古脊椎动物学报.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Geological historical distribution of short-faced hedgehogs in the world For data and source references see Supplementary data 1

Fig. 2 Exallerix pustulatus from IM 2204, Nei Mongol inlateral (1) and occlusal (2) views A. left mandibular fragment with p4-m1 (IVPP V34183.1); B. left mandibular fragment with m1-2 (V34183.2); C. left mandibular fragment with m1-2 (V34183.3); D. left mandibular fragment with trigonid of m1 and m2 (V34183.4); E. right mandibular fragment with i1, p4-m1 (V34183.5); F. right mandibular fragment with m1 (V34183.6)

Table 1 Measurement of Exallerix pustulatus from IM 2204, Nei Mongol (mm)

	IVPP
	V34183.1	V34183.2	V34183.3	V34183.4	V34183.5	V34183.6
Mandible depth below anterior part of c	4.50	-	-	-	4.83	-
Mandible depth below m1 anterior root	6.25	6.15	>4.38	-	5.15	>5.1
Mandible depth below m2 posterior root	-	6.35	4.23	-	-	-
i1 length	-	-	-	-	-	-
i1 width	-	-	-	-	-	-
c length	-	-	-	-	-	-
c width	-	-	-	-	-	-
p4 length	1.55	-	-	-	2.70	-
p4 width	1.95	-	-	-	2.18	-
m1 length	4.45	4.98	4.48	-	4.38	4.33
m1 trigonid length	3.00	3.35	2.95	-	2.75	2.70
m1 trigonid width	2.45	2.53	2.47	-	2.62	2.43
m1 talonid width	2.33	2.53	2.32	2.35	2.70	2.42
m2 length	-	3.55	3.13	3.25	-	-
m2 trigonid length	-	2.33	2.03	2.20	-	-
m2 trigonid width	-	2.46	2.23	2.35	-	-
m2 talonid width	-	1.95	1.43	2.13	-	-

Fig. 3 CT graphs of mandibular fragment of Exallerix pustulatus (IVPP V34183.2) A. transverse plane, through anterior root of the m1, anterior view; B. sagittal plane, lateral view, the white dashed line shows the alveolus of the i1

Fig. 4 Comparison measurements of the m1 of Exallerix pustulatus with other short-faced hedgehogs For data and source references see Supplementary data 2

Fig. 5 Statistics and comparison measurements of m1 of Exallerix pustulatus with other short-faced hedgehogs n: number of samples. Data and source references see Supplementary data 2

Fig. 6 Statistics and comparison measurements of the m1 and m2 of Exallerix pustulatus with other short-faced hedgehogs n: number of samples. For data and source references see Supplementary data 2

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