2015年首次在广西桂林盆地猫儿山洞穴内发现哺乳动物、旧石器和烧骨，初步判断是一处更新世中晚期旧石器遗址。2021年对该洞进行了地层采样和小哺乳动物砂样筛洗，详细研究了其中采集的棕果蝠(Rousettus leschenaultii)化石，并对其伴生的非飞行小哺乳动物化石进行了初步分析。猫儿山洞的棕果蝠是该种化石在中国的第二次记录，对其研究有助于了解该种的牙齿形态和历史分布。猫儿山洞的小哺乳动物组合目前包含了3目、9科、26属、30种，与重庆玉米洞小哺乳动物群最相似，同时与岩灰洞、兴隆洞、麻窝口洞、中梁山、穿洞等动物群的小哺乳组合也共享较多的相同种。猫儿山洞小哺乳动物组合的生物地层年代被限定在中更新世晚期，为中国南方第四纪哺乳动物群新增了一个代表。大量东洋界森林型物种的出现指示在中更新世晚期，桂林盆地的古气候可能与现今类似，同样温暖湿润。

In 2015, the discovery of mammalian fossils, paleolithic artifacts, and burned bones in the Maoershan Cave of the Guilin Basin, northeastern Guangxi, indicated that it is a late Middle Pleistocene Paleolithic site. In 2021, stratigraphic sectioning and the systematic screening of small mammal sand samples were conducted. This paper presents a comprehensive account of the new material of the fruit bat Rousettus leschenaultii, accompanied by a concise overview of the non-volant micromammals that coexisted with it in the Quaternary sediments of the Maoershan Cave. This finding marks the second occurrence of fruit bat fossils in China, contributing to our understanding of the dental morphology and past geographical distribution of Rousettus. The micromammalian assemblage of the Maoershan Cave is composed of 3 orders, 9 families, 26 genera, and 30 species, and exhibits notable similarities with those of the late Middle Pleistocene Yumi Cave, Xinglong Cave, Yanhui Cave, Mawokou Cave, Zhongliangshan, and Chuan Cave faunas. The biochronology of the micromammalian assemblage from the Maoershan Cave has been determined to be consistent with the late Middle Pleistocene, providing a new assemblage in the Pleistocene mammalian faunal sequence in southern China. The presence of abundant oriental forested elements indicates that the Guilin Basin used to be a humid and warm subtropical forest paleoenvironment similar to the contemporary environment during the late Middle Pleistocene.