博格达吐鲁番兽(二齿兽类)的骨骼学
收稿日期: 2024-02-05
网络出版日期: 2024-05-29
基金资助
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB26000000);中国科学院大学生创新实践训练计划资助
Osteology of Turfanodon bogdaensis (Dicynodontia)
Received date: 2024-02-05
Online published: 2024-05-29
吐鲁番兽( Turfanodon )是一类生活在二叠纪晚期的二齿兽类，曾广泛分布在新疆至华北一带。目前该属下建立有两个种——博格达种( T. bogdaensis )与九峰种( T. jiufengensis )。两个种都具有相对完整的头骨材料，但只有九峰种报道了下颌及头后骨骼材料。一批产自新疆吐鲁番地区，可以归入到博格达吐鲁番兽的新材料，具有一系列可以明显区别于九峰种的特征，包括头骨的鼻吻部侧面平坦，下颌齿骨侧架成肿突状，以及股骨头为近半球状。吐鲁番兽属的鉴别特征也有更新，包括眼框周缘平坦，两条翼骨前支上的嵴向后汇聚，以及一个可能的自有衍征：肩胛骨上参与塑造乌喙孔的凹缺很大。吐鲁番兽腭部的中嵴两侧发育有副嵴，这一特征区别于除肌龙兽( Myosaurus )、掘铁兽( Kembawacela )和水龙兽( Lystrosaurus )外的其他二齿兽类。
石雨泰 , 刘俊 . 博格达吐鲁番兽(二齿兽类)的骨骼学[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 2024 , 62(3) : 186 -200 . DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.240529
Within the dicynodont genus Turfanodon , there are two recognized species, T. bogdaensis and T. jiufengensis . Both species are known by relatively complete cranial materials, but the mandibles and most postcranial bones have been described only for T. jiufengensis . This paper reports new dicynodont specimens from Turpan, Xinjiang, referring them to T. bogdaensis . They can clearly be differentiated from T. jiufengensis by the flatter lateral surface of the snout region, a prominent swelling on the lateral dentary shelf, and the rounded femoral head. The diagnosis of Turfanodon is revised. The combination of a flat circumorbital rim, posterior portion of anterior pterygoid rami with converging ventral ridges, and a possible autapomorphy, a deep notch on scapula forming procoracoid foramen, are confirmed. It also differentiated from all dicynodonts other than Myosaurus , Kembawacela and Lystrosaurus by having accessory ridges lateral to the median palatal ridge.
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