Abstract: The mammalian fossils described in this paper were collected at Xiaochangliang Paleolithic site from the Nihewan Formation, which composed of fluviolacustrine variegated clay, sandy clay, silt and sand with concretions of 97 meters in thickness. They were from same level in Nihewan Formation and are referred to the following forms: Allophaiomys cf. A. pliocaenicus, Mimomys chinensis, Hyaena licenti, Martes sp., Coelondonta antiquitatis, Palaeoloxodon sp., Equus sanmeniensis, Proboscidipparion sinense, Hipparion sp., Cervus sp., Gazella sp., Bovinae indet., etc. The fossil mammals listed above are among the typical Nihewan elements and the age of the fossil-bearing beds could be considered as Early Pleistocene. The preliminary result of paleomagnetic study of Xiaochangliang Paleolithic site suggests that the absolute age of the site is about 1.67 Ma B. P. , approaching the upper boundary of Olduvai Subchron.