现生鸟类和孔子鸟(Confuciusornis)叉骨软骨的研究：初步分析以及对中生代鸟类飞行方式的启示

吴倩, 邹晶梅, 李志恒, 艾莉达

Cartilage on the furculae of living birds and the extinct bird Confuciusornis: a preliminary analysis and implications for flight style inferences in Mesozoic birds

WU Qian, Jingmai K. O’CONNOR, LI Zhi-Heng, Alida M. BAILLEUL

Fig. 2 Morphology, CT-scans and histology of the furcula of Confuciusornis (IVPP V 11521) A. photograph of the furcula; B. CT-scan of the left epicleideal process of the furcula; C. demineralized piece of cartilage from the left epicleideal process after 48 hours in EDTA; D. longitudinal ground-section in the right epicleideal process of the furcula; E-G. close-ups of that epicleideal process showing calcified secondary cartilage; H-I. close-ups on the rami seen in D, shown under natural transmitted light (H) and cross-polarized light (I) Abbreviations: CB. cortical bone; CSC. calcified secondary cartilage; epi. epicleideum; FU. furcula; HU. humerus; ICL. inner circumferential layer; MC. medullary cavity; OCL. outer circumferential layer; SC. secondary cartilage; sed. sediment